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''Ivan IV'' is an opera in five acts by Georges Bizet, with a libretto by Francois-Hippolyte Leroy and Henri Trianon.〔Dean W. ''Bizet''. J M Dent & Sons, London, 1978. 〕 ==Composition history== A libretto on the subject of Ivan the Terrible was offered to Charles Gounod in January 1856 by the general administrator of the Paris Opera, François Louis Crosnier. Gounod worked with enthusiasm and press announcements anticipated that rehearsals would begin that November. Although Gounod completed the work in 1857 or 1858, failure to have it performed at the Paris Opera led Gounod to use parts of the score in later works; the Soldiers’ Chorus in ''Faust'' came from ''Ivan the Terrible''. Gounod's score was auctioned in 1963 and destroyed shortly after.〔Huebner S. ''The Operas of Charles Gounod.'' Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1990.〕 Around 1862, with Gounod's encouragement, Bizet began work on the same libretto. In June 1865 the journal ''La France Musicale'' announced that the piece would appear at the Théâtre Lyrique that winter. Delays in getting the piece accepted prompted Bizet to offer the score to the Paris Opera, but he had no reply. The following summer, at the bidding of Léon Carvalho, director of the Théâtre Lyrique, Bizet started work on ''La jolie fille de Perth'', and ''Ivan IV'' was forgotten. Winton Dean floated a possible alternative chronology by suggesting that the surviving manuscript is an earlier abandoned version of ''Ivan'', forgotten by the composer, not that which was being copied for performance in the autumn of 1865. This theory would mean that Bizet composed ''Ivan the Terrible'' in late 1862 and early 1863 for performance at the Baden festival in 1863 (which he had visited with Hector Berlioz, Gounod and Ernest Reyer). Dean also argues for ''Ivan'' pre-dating ''Les pêcheurs de perles'' on the basis of the more conspicuous weak passages in the score bearing witness to a less experienced stage composer; also several passages in ''Ivan'' are developed further in the 1863 work.〔Dean W. "Bizet's Ivan IV" in ''Essays on Opera'' Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1990.〕 A manuscript score was found among the papers of Émile Straus (whom Bizet's widow had married) when he died in 1929, given to the Bibliothèque nationale, and put on public display at the Bizet Centennial Exhibition in 1938. A first concert performance with piano accompaniment may have taken place in 1940, and another in the winter of 1943 at the Théâtre des Capucins.〔Detemmerman J. Notes accompanying ''Ivan IV'' LPs MRF 166.〕 When Choudens asserted their right to publish to score in 1943, Henri Büsser took over its preparation and, instead of following the almost complete manuscript, concocted his own 'performing version'.〔Dean W. "Bizet’s Ivan IV" in ''Fanfare for Ernest Newman'', ed van Thal, H. Arthur Barker, London, 1955. This paper debunks Büsser's many changes.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ivan IV (opera)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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